Microscopy

Drosera oreopodion gemmae
45 image z-stack over 250 um
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This thing volunteered to be the subject of an experiment by trying to bite me earlier this afternoon.

Here it is after being heat-killed to minimize physical damage to the exoskeleton. Ruler increments are 1 mm.
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Here are a couple photos of its various body parts.
Head & thorax:
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Abdomen:
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Wing & thorax:
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Here's our volunteer after being deposited into a freshly opened pitcher. We'll check back in a month or so to see how it looks.
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A flashlight lol

I believe it. Some of the high-output flashlights like a Fenix, can start fires / burn through your shorts.

Just discovered this thread, and man, this is some cool. Great pictures! I might dust off my kids old Intel digital microscope and see if I can get it working. Finding drivers for it could be problematic. (Win 95 era)
 
I believe it. Some of the high-output flashlights like a Fenix, can start fires / burn through your shorts.

Yeah it's really impressive how much energy can be stored in a modern battery, and also how quickly LEDs can dump that energy.
I used this light to cook the mosquito. It only took around a second. Here's the same light heating up a metal probe.
 
Well, that didn't take anywhere near a whole month like I thought it would.
It's been 6 days since I tossed a mosquito into this shiny new pitcher.
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An oil slick has formed on the surface of the pitcher fluid, the liquid is becoming turbid, and the mosquito is looking translucent, so I guess that means it's getting digested and has spilled its insides into the pitcher.
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I fished it out with tweezers so we can take a look under the microscope.
Here's the partially digested mass, seen with reflected light. There's a lot of gunk all over the surface. It's probably some combination of bacteria, fungi and proteins/fats/stuff leaking out of the mosquito. The abdomen looks like it's partially empty.
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The wings have lost most of their scales, but are otherwise intact.
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Looking up close at the thorax, we can see white gaps between the thoracic plates where the membranes connecting them have become stretched. Various sorts of goo can be seen leaking out from between the plates. The thoracic plates have lost their scales and hairs, but are otherwise intact.
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Here's the tip of the abdomen. The abdominal plates appear intact, but the membranes connecting them are bulging.
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The legs show the most obvious signs of digestion. Several of the leg segments have completely come apart as the thin membranes that make up the joints have been broken down.

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At higher magnification, we can see some droplets of oil around the broken joints.
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I tossed the mosquito back into the pitcher and will see if I can pick it out again in another week or two.
So far it seems that the digestive enzymes have mostly attacked the thin membranes that connect the exoskeletal plates.
 
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I cut a female lowii x ventricosa flower in half to look inside.

Left: Unstained section, Right: Toluidine Blue O stain for contrast
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1. Close up of the papillae on the surface of the stigma. Lots of vacuoles in the cells staining strongly for toluidine blue O. Likely to do with the secretion of lipids and carbohydrates onto the surface of the receptive stigma.
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2. A partially sectioned ovule inside the ovary.
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I was looking through some older micrographs I saved and realized I've never posted these before:

This is a transverse section of a Nepenthes briggsiana tendril stained with toluidine blue imaged with darkfield and polarized light, at 50x magnification.
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Zooming in to 1000x shows a neat feature present in a lot of Nepenthes tissues:
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These spiky balls of crystals seem to glow under polarized light. They are druse crystals https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Druse_(botany), probably made up of calcium oxalate. Large amounts of these crystals are present in the pitchers of nepenthes, with not so many in the phyllodes.

Here's are some images of a pitcher from N. clipeata showing how abundant druse crystals are in pitcher tissue:
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My wife keeps an aquarium containing red cherry shrimp.
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We started with about a dozen shrimp but the population has ballooned to something like one or two hundred now. With so many shrimp, we regularly find one or two dead shrimp in the tank. Sometimes these get fed to my Nepenthes.

This harryana pitcher contains 3 shrimp. The two on top were freshly added.
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Here's what remains of the shrimp that's been in the pitcher for about a week. It's showing obvious signs of digestion:
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Here's what's left of a shrimp after about 3 weeks. It's completely digested and fallen apart:
??? is probably the hindgut. Apparently parts of the shrimp digestive tract (esophagus, stomach and hindgut) are lined in chitin.
See: B.E. Felgenhauer, "Internal anatomy of the decapoda: an overview" and R.H. Hackman, "Chitin and the fine structure of cuticles"
https://isopods.nhm.org/pdfs/10393/10393.pdf
https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-94-009-4824-2_1
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I put the head section under the microscope to get a closer look:

40x Reflected light showing the eyes, carapace and mouthparts:
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40x Polarized light highlights the exoskeleton as well as a bunch of spiky crystalline structures:
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40x darkfield showing the walking legs
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40x polarized light shows more of those spiky crystals
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40x brightfield looking at what's left of the gills. The flesh has all been digested but there are a lot of oil droplets left behind. I guess fats aren't digested or absorbed as easily as proteins:
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400x phase contrast showing some filamentous fungi and bacteria growing on what's left of the shrimp:
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